In an increasingly cost conscious world, control over your organisation's income and expenditure is vital. For most successful organisations this control begins with a Budgeting process that sets the scene and forms the basis for the business operation for the year ahead. But for many people Budgeting is a time-consuming nuisance to be endured with as little patience and commitment as is possible, sometimes with little or no understanding of what it entails. This guide aims to help you to design and implement budgeting procedures that encourage and support good financial management. It will help you to manage your resources more effectively, examine your profitability and show you how to produce good financial results.
About the author 3
Introduction 6
How to use this guide 7
What this guide covers 8
What will you learn from this guide? 8
Chapter One
So, what is a budget? 10
Cost Centres 11
In summary 13
Chapter Two
Categories of costs 14
Capital costs and revenue 17
Costs
Direct costs and indirect costs 20
Fixed costs and variable costs 27
In summary
Chapter Three
Costing techniques 32
Total absorption costing 33
Marginal costing 36
Break-even calculations 39
Margin of safety 41
Profit-protected break-even calculations 43
Calculating break-even points for changing values 44
Competitive costing 48
Cost appointment 49
Opportunity costs 52
In summary 54
Chapter Four
Budgets and budgeting 55
Budgeting techniques 60
Incremental budgeting 61
Zero-based budgeting 65
Contingency budgeting 68
Keeping a budget journal 70
Flexed budgeting 73
Seasonally analysed budgeting 80
In summary 84
Chapter five
Budgetary control 86
Variance analysis 93
Cumulative budget analysis 99
In summary 104
Chapeter six
A budget system check list 106
Start a budget journal 106
Understand your costs 106
Calculate the numbers 108
Predict the future 110
Create the budget! 111
Prepare for monitoring 112
Other guides in the series 115
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The Easy Step by Step Guide to Better Budgeting for Your Business
by Brian B. Brown